guerrero



R GUERRERO. HYDRAULIG RAM.

APPLICATION I'ILED JUNEIO, 1913.

Patente June 2, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. GUERRERO.

HYDRAULIC RAM.

` APPLICATION FII-JED JUNE l0, 1913. V 1,098,720. l Patented June 2,1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED sTATEs. PATENT oEEIoE.

EDMUNDO GUERRERO, 0F: ANTIGUA, GUAIEMALAa HYDRAULIC RAM.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented June 2, 1914.

Application iled .Tune 10, 1913. Serial No. 772,773.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, EDMUNDO GUERRERO, a citizen of Guatemala, residing atAntigua, in the Province of Sacatepequez and Republic of Guatemala, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Rams, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention has for an object to improve the mounting of the impetusvalve in such devices so that the passage from the impetus valve chamberto the'air chamberor the delivery line may be more directly 1nV linewith the direction of movement of Vthe water in flowing past the impetusvalve and.

developing the momentum required for the blow to be struck.

Another very important object is to so construct the device that airwill be fed to the air chamber through the impetus valve port under thenormal operation of thede-l vice without requiring separate mechanicalparts, and operable in connection with an ordinary form of valve.

A further aim is to improve the construction of valves in such devices.

An additional object is to simplify the removal of the impetus valve.

It has been the common experience in such devices that after the impetusvalve has been vadjusted to act properly, it soon gets out of adjustmentbecause of wear of parts,

or for other reasons, and it is also necessary. to stop the operation ofthe device while a.

new adjustment is made, which then is rather difficult and apt to beinaccurately made exi cept by skilled artisans.

It is therefore an important aim of my invention to provide a valveadjustment, liable in the minimum degree to'variation through wear, toenable the adjustment of the stroke without stopping the action and topermit an accurate adjustment to be maintainedsuch devices is tov enablethe renewal of the main valve between the feed and the air chamberWit-hout entirely removing the air chamber, or disconnecting thedelivery pipe although the latter be connected to the bell portion ofthe chamber direct, thus permitting simplification of the form of thecastings required.

A further object is to provide an improved means for accuratelycentering a pup-pet valve of the mushroom type.

An additional object attained is an increased durability in the impetusvalve and the main valve.

An important end attained is the pro-vision of means for releasing andexposing the main valve within the air-chamber.

Additional objects and advantages will be apparent, some of which willap-pear from the following description, and from the drawings,representing one possible embodiment of the invention, in which,

Figure l is a side View of the device, F ig.

2 is a front view thereof, Fig.l 3 is a vertical sectional View', Fig.4L is a det-ail view of the impetus valve, Fig.. 5. is a section on theline 5 5 of Fig. 3,'Fig. 6 is a sect-ion on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3, Fig.7 is a detail of the cross-head, Fig. 8 is a detail of the Istartinglever, Fig. 9 is a detail of the upper valve guide, Fig. 10 is adetail-of 'the main valve seat, Fig. 1l is a fragmentary detail of theair chamber adjustment.

The ram comprises an air chamber 10 substantially in the form of aninverted bottle .having a reduced neck 11 at its lower or receiving end,the neck having a flange 12, whereby it may be mounted upon a supportingportion to be described. A delivery terminal 13 is formed on the airchamber casting in the bilge portion and the fastenings for the chamberpermit its adjustment vof the supporting portion with the terminal 13 at:any of `vfour sides, in order that .the feed connections may be made atthat side most convenient. The lower face of the flange 12 is providedwithA a shallow groove 14, in which a gasket may be set,

and in which the upper portion'of aV circu` lar bronze plate 15 .may beset upon the gasket, the plate being foraminate'and having a headed bolt16 screwed downwardly thereinto, confining a circular flap valve 17, ofordinary form checked against upward iieXure beyond a. proper limit bymeans of a disk 18 thereover confined beneath the head of the bolt andhaving edge-portions turned up to allow proper opening of the valve. Theplate 15 is of such thickness that it may be centrally recessed as at19,` to receive the valve, being on this account It is flattened atopposite sides as at 20, for asomewhat cup-shaped in cross section.

two arms extending downwardly and ob-v liquely from the axis of the airchamber in substantially an ogee shape, the two branches diverging andtaking an ovate shape in cross section at their lower p-art,

being joined integrally with a circular impetus valve chamber 22,adjacent respective sides thereof. The chamber has vertical cylindricalwalls of suitable height, intermediately of which there is the usualannular flange 23 projecting inwardly from the sides of the chamberwalls and adapted to-f0cus incoming water against the impetus valve, aswill be understood.

The top of the chamber is covered by a head portion 24, having thecentral overow port 25 therein having thin edges and around which thereis an annular conical seat 26. presented downwardly, this port openingbetween the lower ends of the duct branches-, the center of this portbeing spaced from the axis of the air chamber a distance greater thanthe radius of the periphery of the flanges 12 and 12', lin order thatthe valve stem 27 will be spaced slightly outward of these flanges. Thestem 27 carries the impetus valve 28 located within the chamber 22 andadapted to t on the seat 26 from below, the stem being supported by aspring 28', when the valve is open, engaged around the stem and restingupon the horizontal arm of a bell crank lever 29, pivoted betweensuitable ears 30 upon a horizontal plate 31 secured upon suitable lugs32 formed upon the branches of the duct 21 at a suitable point; and bymeans of a crank-operated screw 33 engaged through a suitable block 34carried outwardly of the chamber 22 adjacent the downwardly extendingouter arm of the lever 29, the latter may be oscillated to raise andlower the valve stem7 to properly limit the stroke. By this means thereis a minimum of wear, and the action is facilitated and is morepositive. The valve stem 27 is provided with acap 34', adapted to engagefrictionally upon the upper end of the stem, being secured thereto bymeans of a screw 35, so that removal of nuts is not required to the mainradial adjustment.

free the valve, the removal of the screw being much easier, as it isdifficult to use wrenches satisfactorily upon the valve stem, or nutsengaged thereon.

- A suitable inlet connection 36 is formed at one side of the chamber22, the walls of which are smooth at their lower ends, the

chamber opening clear toward the bottom and being closed thereat bymeans of a bottom plate 37 of circular form, of greater 'diameter thanthe chamber 22 and projecting outwardly thereof, the upper surface beingprovided with an annular groove 38 adapted to re ister with the bottomof the wall of the c amber 22, and intended to receive a gasket thereinfor engagement against the lower edge of the wall. The bottom isprovided with a central circular recess 39, adapted to receive thebottom stem portion ,40, which is a continuation of that 27 beforementioned, the junction of the two parts having a shoulder 41 formedvthereon upon- 4which the valve 28 is secured by means of .a nut 42engaged upon an enlarged threaded portion of the stem 27. The valveproper comprises an annular plate 43 set upon the shoulder 41, slightlylarger than the base of the valve is to be, and u on this there aresuperposed a plurality o leather disks 44 decreasing successively indiameter from the bottom upward7 and trimmed suitably to prevent theproper conical surface for action upon the valve seat 26. The disks areconfined by a washer 45 engaged under the nut 42. This construction inan impetus Valve adds remarkably to the life of the face, as

compared to prior forms, in which the valve seats upon a fiat surface.Where the water is lifted to a great height, the blow upon the .Valve isquite severe, and the constant ham- ,mering a-ttens out the rubber orleather on :a fiat seat, separating and disrupting the bers so that thematerial supporting the shock becomes useless in a very short while.

4In my valve, on the contrary, the eifect is to -hold the leathertogether, compacting it on each blow so that the leather is heldtogether and its wear greatly lessened, the life of the valve beingprolonged t0 several times that of one for which a fiat seat isprovided. The lower ends of the branches of the duct 21 are joined tothe head 24 at opposite sides of the port 25, and the passagestherethrough enter the chamber 22 outwardly of the seat 26, there beingformed in the roof of the chamber 22 concentric grooves 24', havingslides sloping upwardly from close beside the port. These grooves havespecial important functions that will be subsequently described.

Secured upon the upper side of the bottom 37 within the chamber 22 thereare three radially arranged bronze guide blocks 47, secured by suitablescrews to the bottom, for Their inner ends are recessed to coengagesnugly around the stem portion 40, to allow vertical reciprocationthereof and to hold the stem properly centered. Similar guide blocks 48are secured upon the upper side of the plate 31 by which the lever 29 issupported. In the operation of the device it will be seen that there isno binding of the stem of the valve as would be the case in ordinaryforms where the valve is guided only at one end.

After the blow is delivered by the ram during operation, the opening ofthe valve serves to allow ingress of a number of small bubbles into thegrooves 24 through the port 25, the groove serving as a trap to preventescape of the air and to guide it to the duct branches, whichv areinclined continuously upwardly to the main valve, through which they arecarried by the successive blows of the' ram.

Projecting forwardly and downwardly from the side of the chamber 22there is a leg 49, and legs 50 are attached to the rear of the duct,secured in a manner which will be subsequently described. Three legs arepreferably provide'd, the two rear ones adjusted at the rear of theduct, and the device is preferably supported at such a'height that whenthe bottom 37 is removed from the chamber 22, and the top 34 removedfrom the valve stem, the valve may be readily drawn downwardly andremoved.

Two laterally spaced rearwardly projected ears 51 are formed on theupper part of the duct 21 and the legs are secured respectively to theears 51, one of the securing lneans being a bolt or shaft 52 extendingbetween the legs and secured in a suitable manner. Pendent upon theshaft 52 there are links 53, pivoted to the lower ends of which is alever 54 having a suitable handle for its operation projectingrearwardly, the lever being of the first class and having its inner endsuitably disposed for vertical movement close to the axis of the airchamber. A cross head 56 is carried pivotally thereby, the outer ends ofwhich are in alinement with guides 57 formed at the sides of the duct.Secured to suitable lugs 58 formed on the side of the air chamber abovethe flange 12, there are heavy supporting or lifting bolts 59, engageddiagonally through the lugs and extending downwardly to the llange 12,immediately below which they are turned and extended in a yerticaldirection slidably through the flange 12 and guides. rEhe lower ends ofthe bolts are rounded and rest in suitable recesses at the outer ends ofthe cross head 56, the upper ends of the bolts being tenoned in thelugs, whereby, when the lever 54 is operated after the removal of theclamping bolts, the chamber is lifted sufliciently for the removal andreplacement of the main valve as before described. The flanges 12 and 12when in secured position number. There will be a minimum binding of thebolts 59 with the guide portions 57 and the operation of renewal of themain valve or parts may be accomplished with but little effort. Theprojecting top flange porftions 'of the chamber 22 and the bottom plate87 are provided with registered aper-' tures through which securingbolts 60 may be engaged. Y

'The starting of a ram of this character is so-metimes attended withconsiderable dii'iiculty, if the valve is closed by the power waterbefore there is proper pressure in the delivery system. The proportionsand rela4 tion of the valve stem and flanges 12 and 12 are thereforeespecially calculated to facilitate the application of pressure upon thevalve stem; and particularly to enable the use of such an implement asthat shown in Fig. 8, which comprises a lever 61 having a Alip 62adapted to be engaged beneath one o-f the flanges, and also a recess 63adapted to receive the cap 34 therein, being of such length as to bereadily operated manually to depress the valve against the maximumkwater pressure.

It is apparent that notwithstanding thc improvements in functionlattained by the invention, it is nevertheless constructed of few parts,simple to manufacture, whereby its cost is minimized'.

The renewal of the wearing surfaces of the valve 28 may be readilyaccomplished under the construction provided, and it may be noted thatin order to secure the n ut 42 in place it is provided with a series ofradial apertures, and the threaded portion of the stem has alongitudinal groove 42 therein, by which arrangement a Cotter pin 64 maybe engaged through one aperture with its extremity in the groove, tohold the nut against casual loosening. The screw 33 may be fitted with adetachable revoluble crank thereon, and secured by a screw 65, theweight of which when pendant holds the screw against change ofadjustment; and by means of the screw G5, whenever the valve is adjustedthe crank may be disposed in pendant position to hold the device as set.

It is to be observed that the construction enables the obtainance of anautomatic air feed directly from the impetus valve port or wast-eopening, and yet enables the use of a vertically disposed valve which isbest adapted for accurate feeding and properly balanced movement with asimple construction. The quantity of air supplied is quite ec f the airchamber together with the water. If

the quantity of air becomes excessive, it is simply forced into thedelivery line as soon as the level of water inthe air chamber becomeslower than the delivery terminal 13.

The pump. is especially vdesigned for lifting water to great elevations,and it will be seen that all ofthe parts. are of such design as to bestmeet such requirements. It is of course understood that the walls of theair chamber and other parts sustaining stress of the water pressure areof suliicient thickness to sustain the maximum pressure to which theyare liable.

In order to lessen the pressure necessary to form a water-tight jointbetween the several castings the grooves for the gaskets may have amedial smaller groove, and those parts engaging in the larger groovesmay have a corresponding rib, as shown at 66 in Fig. 11. By thisconstruction the packing material is heavily compressed with but littlestrain on the clamping bolts, as will be understood. The grooves 24 maybe slightly deepened adjacent the lower ends of the arms of the duct 21so that they will slope continuously upward theretoward, facilitatingthe movement of air into the duct.

What is claimed:

1. In a ram, an impetus valve chamber having a circular waste port inits top part, a circumscribing groove there around within the chamber,an air chamber located above the groove in communication with thedelivery line of the ram and duct means leading continuously upward fromthe groove to the air-chamber.

2. In a ram, an impetus valve chamber having a circular waste port inits top part, recesses formed closely adjacent the port and having sidesupwardly inclined away from the port, an air chamber above the recessesin communication with the delivery line ofv the ram4 and duct meansleading continuously upward from the recess to the airchamber.

3. A ram, comprising an impetus chamber member having an upwardlyopening port, an impetus valve therefor, integral duct portionsextending upwardly from each side of the port being curved laterally ina common direction and inclined upwardly, an air chamber member carriedat the upper end thereof in communication with the ducts, the upperparts of the ducts and elements carried thereby being spaced from theaxis of the valve, said valve having a stem projecting upward above thelower portions of the ducts, and a check valve between the impetuschamber and air chamber.

4. In a ram, an impetus chamber having duct portions leading therefrom,terminating in a ported flange portion, an air cham- 'ber thereoverhaving a corresponding flange:

portion vopposed to that first named and adapted to be bolted thereto, aported valve plate secured between said anges, a puppet valve carried bythe plate opening toward the chamber, securing bolts engaged between theflanges to hold the air chamberin opera tive position and to securethesaid plate, a lever pivoted separately from the air chamber casting, avertically slidable. member carried by the lever for operation thereby,and connected to the air chamber for lifting thereof at times to clearthe valve plate, whereby the latter may be removed.

5. In a ram, an impetus chamber having duct portions leading therefromand terminating in a ported air chamber support, an air chamberthereover having an inlet registering with the port of the support, avalve carrying member removably engaged between the air chamber andsupport, a puppet valve contained therein opening toward the chamber,means to clamp the valve carrying member between the base of the chamberand the support, a lifting member secured to the chamber and engagedslidably in the support for vertical movement, pendent links carried bythe support, a lever intermediately pivoted on the lower ends of thelinks, and having a major operating arm projected outwardly from thesupport, and pivotal connections between the minor arm of the lever andsaid lifting member for lifting the chamber at times and clearance ofsaid valve carrying member for lateral removal.

6. A stroke adjusting means for impetus valves comprising a support, areciprocating valve stem, a lever on the support having an arm embracingthe stem, a head on the stem, a spring on the arm adapted to engage thehead to check the valve stem in opening movement and means to adjust thelever in various positions to vary the limit of opening movement of thevalve.

7. In a ram of the class described, an air chamber element having a portopening outwardly, a coaxial reciprocating valve adapted to seatinwardly thereof and having stem portions projecting inwardly andoutwal-diy,v circumscribing stationary plate portions adjacent the innerand outer stem portions, radially arranged blocks radially slidable onthe plates and having recessed end portions adapted to coengage therespective stem portions for guidance thereof, and means to secure theblocks in adjusted positions.

8. A ram comprising an impetus, valve chamber casting, a top portionthereon having a concentric port, a valve seat on the inner side of theport therearound, a valve adapted to seat therein having a stemprojected outwardly from the port, guide and stroke limiting meansengaged with the stem above the chamber, duct elements carried by thetop of the chamber and having communication with the chamber laterallyof said port, the duet elements being nolned laterally and upwardly,away from the axis of the port and terminating in a. single flangedmember, an air chamber having a anged inlet portionA adapted forcoengagement with 'the said flanged member, a

10 main valve for the air chamber inlet, and

supply and delivery connections for the impetus valve and air chambersrespectively.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing Witnesses.

EDMUNDO GUERRERO.

Witnesses DAVID NOTHTHELD, H. L. VVOODWARD.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

